What is Multi-Infarct Dementia?
Multi-infarct dementia is the second most common cause of dementia in older people. Sometimes it is difficult to distinguish from
Alzheimer’s disease, which is the most common cause of dementia in older persons. It is possible for a person to have both multi-infarct dementia and Alzheimer’s disease, making it hard for the doctor to diagnose either.
Causes Of Multi-Infarct Dementia
Multi-infarct dementia is caused by a series of strokes that damage or destroy brain tissue. A stroke occurs when blood cannot get to the brain. A blood clot or fatty deposits (called plaques) can block the vessels that supply blood to the brain, causing a stroke.
Who is Affected?
Multi-infarct dementia usually affects people between the ages of 60 and 75. Men are slightly more likely than women to have this disease. However, the most important risk factor for multi-infarct dementia is high blood pressure. It is rare for a person without high blood pressure to develop multi-infarct dementia.
Symptoms Of Multi-Infarct Dementia
Symptoms that begin suddenly may be a sign of multi-infarct dementia. In addition to confusion and problems with recent memory, symptoms of multi-infarct dementia may include:
* wandering or getting lost in familiar surroundings.
* moving with rapid, shuffling steps.
* loss of bladder or bowel control.
* laughing or crying inappropriately.
* difficulty following instructions.
* problems handling money.
Multi-infarct dementia is often a result of a series of small strokes, called ministrokes or TIAs (transient ischmic attacks). The symptoms of a TIA often are very slight. They may include:
· mild weakness in an arm or a leg.
· slurred speech.
· dizziness.
The symptoms generally do not last for more than a few days. Several TIAs may occur before the person notices any symptoms of multi-infarct dementia. People with muti-infarct dementia may improve for short periods, then decline upon having further strokes.
What is a stroke? What is a TIA?
A stroke happens when too little blood flows to the brain. With too little blood flow, the brain does not get enough oxygen and important nutrients.
Sometimes people have stroke symptoms that go away quickly. This condition is called a transient ischemic attack, or TIA. A TIA is a serious warning that a stroke may happen in the near future.
Who is more likely to have a stroke?
Anyone, including infants and children, can have a stroke. However, the risk of stroke is higher in elderly people.
People who have high blood pressure, diabetes, and certain kinds of heart disease are at increased risk for stroke. The risk of stroke also is higher in people who smoke.
How do I know that I am having a stroke?
Strokes come on suddenly and often involve one side of the body. Here are some common symptoms of stroke and TIA:
* A very bad headache, especially if you also have a stiff neck or if you pass out
* Loss of vision, or double vision
* Trouble speaking, such as slurring words or being unable to think of the right words, or being unable to understand what others are saying to you
* A droopy or "twisted" face
* Weakness in your face, an arm, or a leg
* Numbness or tingling in your face (including your lips and tongue), an arm, or a leg
* Clumsiness in walking or using your arms or legs
Where can I get more information about strokes and TIAs?
You can get more information from these groups:
American Stroke Association
7272 Greenville Avenue
Dallas, TX 75231-4596
Phone number: 1-888-478-7653
Web site: http://www.strokeassociation.orgNational Stroke Association
9707 East Easter Lane
Englewood, CO 80112-3747
What should I do if I think I am having a stroke or a TIA?
Call "9-1-1" right away, even if your symptoms seem to go away or get better. Do not call a family member or even your doctor until you have called "9-1-1."
You need to be taken to a hospital emergency department right away. It is not safe to drive yourself to the hospital. There are some treatments that can reverse the effects of a stroke, but only if they are given very quickly.
At the hospital, a picture of your brain will be taken, your blood pressure will be checked often, and lab tests will be done. You may be given some medicines at the hospital.
Helpful resources where I obtained this information
http://www.nmha.org/infoctr/factsheets/102.cfmhttp://www.aafp.org/afp/20040401/1679ph.html